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American Harry Elmer Barnes, the best historian of World War I, The Genesis of the World War (New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1926), whose conclusions were verified in our times by Christopher Clark of Cambridge University in his book, The Sleepwalkers, showed that World War I was the product of a conspiracy between President Poincare of France and two of the Russian Tsar’s ministers. Poincare wanted Alsace-Lorraine, lost to Germany in Napoleon the Third’s defeat by Prussia. The two Russian Tsarist ministers wanted Constantinople for Russian controlled access to the Mediterranean.
There is no mention in Taylor’s history of Poincare’s role or that of the Russian ministers.
Wilhelm II, emperor of Germany was the very last of the war participants to mobilize. The last to mobilize cannot be the originator of the conflict. How Taylor missed this again shows the power of war propaganda. The war-mongering presstitues and two-bit punk court historians do not tell the people that Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, King George V of England, and Tsar Nicholas II of Russia were all related through their shared grandmother, Queen Victoria. They were first cousins. They were unaware of Poincare’s conspiracy with the Russian ministers.
They did not want war over an Austrian Archduke being assassinated by Serbians. The total destruction of Europe was the result.
The Tsar was told by his ministers, whose eyes were on Constantinople, that was too late to stop the mobilization. Poincare pushed the war in France.
When the war ended Germany occupied Belgium, huge areas of France and Russia and was said to be the loser. The Germans confronted with left-wing revolution at home agreed to an armistice that was turned against them in violation of US President Wilson’s promise of no territorial loss, no reparations. The British embargo on food starved the German victors into submission to the Versailles Treaty. Thus was the stage set for World War II.
What we are faced with today is that there won’t be a second war. Until WW II armies fought armies. During WW II war against civilians was initiated by Winston Churchill. At the time it was considered a war crime, and Churchill kept the British bombing attacks on German cities secret from the British people. The American fire bombing of Tokyo was also a war crime and culminated in the nuclear destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Today wars are fought against civilians. Israel in Gaza is an example.
In present day war plans, nuclear missiles are aimed at the opponent’s civilian cities, not against armies. The aim of nuclear war is to destroy the country and the population of the opponent. It is civilians who are at risk.
Americans need to understand that when generals talk about war today, it is the lives of civilians that are at risk.
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